1.1.7.2 Terrestrial species and communities


Eucalypt forest and woodland assemblages are the dominant vegetation communities in the Sydney Basin bioregion occupying more than 50% of the area (Figure 48), with 26% of the bioregion modified (including for intensive and agricultural uses) and 6% covered by heath. The following description of the terrestrial species and communities of the Sydney Basin IBRA bioregion is based on NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2003). Species diversity is very high, related to an assortment of topography, geology and climate combinations.

Young coastal dunes support tea-tree (Leptospermum laevigatum), wattle (Acacia longifolia) and banksias (Banksia aemula, Banksia serrata, Banksia integrifolia), often with grass tree (Xanthorroea sp.) and Lomandra longifolia. Older dunes support vegetation communities dominated by old man banksia (Banksia serrata), smooth-barked apple (Angophora costata), red bloodwood (Corymbia gummifera) and blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) with a diverse shrub layer. The oldest dunes support a mature coastal forest community. Coastal forest occupying shale-derived soils is characterised by Sydney blue gum (Eucalyptus saligna), blackbutt, turpentine, grey ironbark (Eucalyptus paniculata), spotted gum, black ash and bangalay (Eucalyptus botryoides), and often have an open understorey, with macrozamia (Macrozamia communis) and cabbage tree palm. Estuaries are characterised by swamp oak (Casuarina glauca), common reed (Phragmites australis), saltmarsh and mangroves.

Rainforests are characterised by coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalum), native tamarind (Diploglottus australis), white cherry (Schizomeria ovata), cheese tree (Glochidion ferdinandi), lilly pilly (Acmena smithii), blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon) and Port Jackson fig (Ficus rubiginosa), with tree ferns (Dicksonia antarctica and Cyathea australis) common in the understorey. Adjacent tall forests are dominated by peppermints (Eucalyptus piperita and Eucalyptus radiata) and messmate (Eucalyptus obliqua), other eucalypt species (Eucalyptus fastigata, Eucalyptus muellerana, Eucalyptus quadrangulata, Eucalyptus deanei), turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera), bangalow palm (Archontophoenix cunninghamiana), cabbage tree palm (Livistonia australis), forest oak (Allocasuarina torulosa) and water gum (Tristania laurina). Species composition and the structural form of the vegetation communities occupying extensive sandstone plateaux vary with altitude and rainfall. Common trees include red bloodwood, yellow bloodwood (Corymbia eximia), rough-barked apple (Angophora floribunda), smooth-barked apple, hard-leaved scribbly gum (Eucalyptus sclerophylla), grey gum (Eucalyptus punctata), black ash (Eucalyptus sieberi), Sydney peppermint, blue-leaved stringybark (Eucalyptus agglomerata), turpentine, brown stringybark (Eucalyptus capitellata) and northern grey ironbark (Eucalyptus siderophloia). Drier, lowland environments such as the Cumberland Plain support forests and woodlands dominated by forest red gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis) and other eucalpyts (Eucalyptus maculata, Eucalyptus haemastoma, Eucalyptus moluccana, Eucalyptus melliodora, Eucalyptus conica, Eucalyptus crebra, Eucalyptus fibrosa), rough-barked apple, yellow bloodwood and extensive stands of swamp oak.

Riparian vegetation is dominated by river oak (Casuarina cunninghamiana) with water gum occupying the wetter, more protected environments. Swamp vegetation ranges from monocultures of common reed to complex prickly-leaved tea-tree (Melaleuca stypheloides) and paperbark (Melaleuca quinquenervia) associations, with swamp mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta), swamp oak, sedges, rushes and Juncus sp. Hanging swamps can be found on sandstone and dunes, with the dominant species being Gahnia aspera and Banksia robur. A raised sphagnum bog (Sphagnum sp.) is located at Wingecarribee.

Wollemi National Park is the largest reserve in the Sydney Basin IBRA bioregion, and protects many threatened species including locally endemic species such as Apatophyllum constablei, Acacia asparagoides, Eucalyptus bensonii and Rupicola decumbens, and the recently discovered Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis). Mellong Swamp in the Wollemi National Park has a unique plant community that provides important habitat for reptiles and invertebrates. Other important vegetation communities include yellow box - ironbark woodlands in the northern escarpments of the bioregion. These are thought to provide important habitat for species such as the regent honeyeater (Xanthomyza phrygia).

Figure 48

Figure 48 Dominant vegetation communities in the Sydney Basin bioregion

Data: Department of the Environment (Dataset 1)

A search of the BioNet Atlas of NSW Wildlife (NSW Environment and Heritage, 2014) found that the IBRA subregions listed in Table 21 contained 50 endangered or vulnerable plant communities (Table 22), 26 endangered populations (Table 23), 154 endangered or vulnerable animals (Table 24), nine endangered or vulnerable fungi (Table 25) and 222 endangered or vulnerable plants (Table 26), all listed under the NSW Conservation Act 1995 (the TSC Act). Threatened and endangered animals included 9 amphibians, 93 birds, one gastropod, three insects, 40 mammals and eight reptiles. A further 452 plants and 692 animals had ‘protected status’. Threatened species include the brush-tailed rock wallaby (Petrogale penicillata), koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis), brush-tailed phascogale (Phascogale tapoatafa), tiger quoll (Dasyurus maculatus), broadheaded snake (Hoplocephalus bungaroides), glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami), turquoise parrot (Neophema pulchella) and powerful owl (Ninox strenua). Under the Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), 133 flora (Table 25, Table 26) and 117 fauna species are listed (Table 24). Twenty-one endangered ecological communities (Table 22) and two endangered populations (Table 23) were also listed under the EPBC Act. General threats to the terrestrial communities and species in the bioregion include broad-scale vegetation clearing, loss of remnants, stock grazing, weed invasion and urbanisation.

Table 22 Endangered ecological communities within the Sydney Basin bioregion

Endangered ecological communities (EEC) as listed under either the TSC Acta that are known or predicted to lie within the Greater Sydney, Central Tablelands, Hunter and South East LLSsc and one or more of the IBRAd subregions listed in Table 21. Where an EEC is also listed under the EPBC Actb as a Threatened Ecological Community under another name, this has also been indicated.


Community name (as listed under the TSC Act)e

TSC Act

EPBC Act

Agnes Banks Woodland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Bangalay Sand Forest of the Sydney Basin and South East Corner bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Blue Gum High Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Blue Mountains Basalt Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Blue Mountains Shale Cap Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Blue Mountains Swamps in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Vulnerable

Endangered

Castlereagh Scribbly Gum Woodland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Vulnerable

Endangered

Castlereagh Swamp Woodland Community

Endangered

Not Listed

Coastal Saltmarsh in the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Vulnerable

Coastal Upland Swamp in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Endangered

Cooks River/Castlereagh Ironbark Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Cumberland Plain Woodland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Duffys Forest Ecological Community in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Endangered

Elderslie Banksia Scrub Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Freshwater Wetlands on Coastal Floodplains of the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Genowlan Point Allocasuarina nana Heathland

Endangered

Not Listed

Hygrocybeae Community of Lane Cove Bushland Park in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Illawarra Lowlands Grassy Woodland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Illawarra Subtropical Rainforest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Kurnell Dune Forest in the Sutherland Shire and City of Rockdale

Endangered

Not Listed

Littoral Rainforest in the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Lowland Rainforest in the NSW North Coast and Sydney Basin Bioregions

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Maroota Sands Swamp Forest

Endangered

Not Listed

Melaleuca armillaris Tall Shrubland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Milton Ulladulla Subtropical Rainforest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Moist Shale Woodland in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland, NSW North Coast, Sydney Basin, South East Corner, South Eastern Highlands and Australian Alps bioregions

Endangered

Endangered

Mount Gibraltar Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Endangered

Newnes Plateau Shrub Swamp in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Endangered

OHares Creek Shale Forest

Endangered

Not Listed

Pittwater and Wagstaffe Spotted Gum Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

River-Flat Eucalypt Forest on Coastal Floodplains of the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Robertson Basalt Tall Open-forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Endangered

Robertson Rainforest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Shale Gravel Transition Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Shale Sandstone Transition Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Southern Highlands Shale Woodlands in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Southern Sydney sheltered forest on transitional sandstone soils in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Sun Valley Cabbage Gum Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Swamp Oak Floodplain Forest of the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Swamp Sclerophyll Forest on Coastal Floodplains of the New South Wales North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Sydney Freshwater Wetlands in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Not Listed

Sydney Turpentine-Ironbark Forest

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Tableland Basalt Forest in the Sydney Basin and South Eastern Highlands Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Tablelands Snow Gum, Black Sallee, Candlebark and Ribbon Gum Grassy Woodland in the South Eastern Highlands, Sydney Basin, South East Corner and NSW South Western Slopes Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

The Shorebird Community occurring on the relict tidal delta sands at Taren Point

Endangered

Not Listed

Themeda grassland on seacliffs and coastal headlands in the NSW North Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner Bioregions

Endangered

Not Listed

Western Sydney Dry Rainforest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion

Endangered

Critically Endangered

White Box Yellow Box Blakelys Red Gum Woodland

Endangered

Critically Endangered

aNSW’sThreatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

bthe Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)

clocal land services areas (NSW Government, 2014)

dInterim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), (Environment Australia, 2000)

etypology and punctuation are given as they are used in the legislation.

Data: NSW Environment and Heritage (2014)

Table 23 Endangered populations within the Sydney Basin bioregion

Endangered populations as listed under the TSC Acta orEPBC Actb that are known or predicted to lie within the Sydney Basin bioregion.


Scientific namec

Common name and/or descriptionc

TSC Act

EPBC Act

Acacia prominens

Gosford Wattle, Hurstville and Kogarah Local Government Areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Allocasuarina diminuta subsp. Mimica

Allocasuarina diminuta subsp. mimica L.A.S.Johnson population in the Sutherland and Liverpool local government areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Callitris endlicheri

Black Cypress Pine, Woronora Plateau population

Endangered

Not Listed

Callocephalon fimbriatum

Gang-gang Cockatoo population in the Hornsby and Ku-ring-gai Local Government Areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Chorizema parviflorum

Chorizema parviflorum Benth. in the Wollongong and Shellharbour Local Government Areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Darwinia fascicularis subsp. Oligantha

Darwinia fascicularis subsp. oligantha population in the Baulkham Hills and Hornsby Local Government Areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Dillwynia tenuifolia

Dillwynia tenuifolia Sieber ex D.C. in the Baulkham Hills local government area

Endangered

Not Listed

Dillwynia tenuifolia

Dillwynia tenuifolia, Kemps Creek

Endangered

Not Listed

Epthianura albifrons

White-fronted Chat population in the Sydney Metropolitan Catchment Management Area

Endangered

Not Listed

Eucalyptus aggregata

Eucalyptus aggregata H.Deane & Maiden population in the Wingecarribee local government area

Endangered

Not Listed

Eucalyptus langleyi

Eucalyptus langleyi population north of the Shoalhaven River in the Shoalhaven local government area

Endangered

Vulnerable

Eucalyptus macarthurii

Paddys River Box, Camden Woollybutt

Endangered

Not Listed

Eudyptula minor

Little Penguin in the Manly Point

Endangered

Not Listed

Gossia acmenoides

Gossia acmenoides population in the Sydney Basin Bioregion south of the Georges River

Endangered

Not Listed

Keraudrenia corollata var. denticulate

Keraudrenia corollata var. denticulata in the Hawkesbury local government area

Endangered

Not Listed

Lespedeza juncea subsp. Sericea

Lespedeza juncea subsp. sericea in the Wollongong Local Government Area

Endangered

Not Listed

Marsdenia viridiflora subsp. Viridiflora

Marsdenia viridiflora R. Br. subsp. viridiflora population in the Bankstown, Blacktown, Camden, Campbelltown, Fairfield, Holroyd, Liverpool and Penrith local government areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Menippus darcyi

Menippus darcyi population in the Sutherland Shire

Endangered

Not Listed

Perameles nasuta

Long-nosed Bandicoot population in inner western Sydney

Endangered

Not Listed

Petauroides volans

Greater Glider population in the Eurobodalla local government area

Endangered

Not Listed

Petaurus norfolcensis

Squirrel Glider on Barrenjoey Peninsula, north of Bushrangers Hill

Endangered

Not Listed

Phascolarctos cinereus

Koala in the Pittwater Local Government Area

Endangered

Vulnerable

Pomaderris prunifolia

Pomaderris prunifolia in the Parramatta, Auburn, Strathfield and Bankstown Local Government Areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Prostanthera saxicola

Prostanthera saxicola population in Sutherland and Liverpool local government areas

Endangered

Not Listed

Pultenaea villifera

Pultenaea villifera Sieber ex DC. population in the Blue Mountains local government area

Endangered

Not Listed

Wahlenbergia multicaulis

Tadgell's Bluebell in the local government areas of Auburn, Bankstown, Baulkham Hills, Canterbury, Hornsby, Parramatta and Strathfield

Endangered

Not Listed

aNSW’s Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

bthe Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)

ctypology and punctuation are given as they are used in the legislation.

Data: NSW Environment and Heritage (2014)

Table 24 Threatened animal species within the Sydney Basin bioregion

Threatened animal species listed under either the TSC Acta or the EPBC Actb known to live within the Sydney Basin bioregion. ‘Migratory’ refers to species listed under the China, Japan or Korea Australia Migratory Bird Agreement. Typology and punctuation are given as they are used in the legislation.


Common name

Scientific name

TSC Act

EPBC Act

Antipodean Albatross

Diomedea antipodensis

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Arctic Jaeger

Stercorarius parasiticus

Not Listed

Migratory

Asian Dowitcher

Limnodromus semipalmatus

Not Listed

Migratory

Australasian Bittern

Botaurus poiciloptilus

Endangered

Endangered

Australian Fur-seal

Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Australian Painted Snipe

Rostratula australis

Endangered

Endangered

Baird's Sandpiper

Calidris bairdii

Not Listed

Migratory

Barking Owl

Ninox connivens

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Not Listed

Migratory

Barred Cuckoo-shrike

Coracina lineata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Bar-tailed Godwit

Limosa lapponica

Not Listed

Migratory

Bathurst Copper Butterfly

Paralucia spinifera

Endangered

Vulnerable

Beach Stone-curlew

Esacus magnirostris

Endangered

Not Listed

Black Bittern

Ixobrychus flavicollis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Black Falcon

Falco subniger

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Black-breasted Buzzard

Hamirostra melanosternon

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Black-browed Albatross

Thalassarche melanophris

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Black-chinned Honeyeater (eastern subspecies)

Melithreptus gularis gularis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Black-necked Stork

Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus

Endangered

Not Listed

Black-tailed Godwit

Limosa limosa

Vulnerable

Migratory

Black-winged Petrel

Pterodroma nigripennis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Blue Mountains Water skink

Eulamprus leuraensis

Endangered

Endangered

Blue Whale

Balaenoptera musculus

Endangered

Endangered

Blue-billed Duck

Oxyura australis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Booroolong Frog

Litoria booroolongensis

Endangered

Endangered

Broad-billed Sandpiper

Limicola falcinellus

Vulnerable

Migratory

Broad-headed Snake

Hoplocephalus bungaroides

Endangered

Vulnerable

Brown Booby

Sula leucogaster

Not Listed

Migratory

Brown Treecreeper (eastern subspecies)

Climacteris picumnus victoriae

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Brush-tailed Bettong (South-East Mainland)

Bettongia penicillata penicillata

Endangered

Extinct

Brush-tailed Phascogale

Phascogale tapoatafa

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby

Petrogale penicillata

Endangered

Vulnerable

Buff-breasted Sandpiper

Tryngites subruficollis

Not Listed

Migratory

Bush Stone-curlew

Burhinus grallarius

Endangered

Not Listed

Caspian Tern

Hydroprogne caspia

Not Listed

Migratory

Cattle Egret

Ardea ibis

Not Listed

Migratory

Citrine Wagtail

Motacilla citreola

Not Listed

Migratory

Comb-crested Jacana

Irediparra gallinacea

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Common Greenshank

Tringa nebularia

Not Listed

Migratory

Common Noddy

Anous stolidus

Not Listed

Migratory

Common Redshank

Tringa totanus

Not Listed

Migratory

Common Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

Not Listed

Migratory

Common Tern

Sterna hirundo

Not Listed

Migratory

Corben's Long-eared Bat

Nyctophilus corbeni

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Cotton Pygmy-Goose

Nettapus coromandelianus

Endangered

Not Listed

Cumberland Plain Land Snail

Meridolum corneovirens

Endangered

Not Listed

Curlew Sandpiper

Calidris ferruginea

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Diamond Firetail

Stagonopleura guttata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Dugong

Dugong dugon

Endangered

Not Listed

Dural Woodland Snail

Pommerhelix duralensis

Not Listed

Endangered

Eastern Bentwing-bat

Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Bristlebird

Dasyornis brachypterus

Endangered

Endangered

Eastern Cave Bat

Vespadelus troughtoni

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Chestnut Mouse

Pseudomys gracilicaudatus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Curlew

Numenius madagascariensis

Not Listed

Critically Endangered

Eastern False Pipistrelle

Falsistrellus tasmaniensis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Freetail-bat

Mormopterus norfolkensis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Grass Owl

Tyto longimembris

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Ground Parrot

Pezoporus wallicus wallicus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Osprey

Pandion cristatus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Pygmy-possum

Cercartetus nanus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eastern Quoll

Dasyurus viverrinus

Endangered

Not Listed

Eastern Reef Egret

Egretta sacra

Not Listed

Migratory

Flame Robin

Petroica phoenicea

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Flesh-footed Shearwater

Ardenna carneipes

Vulnerable

Migratory

Fork-tailed Swift

Apus pacificus

Not Listed

Migratory

Freckled Duck

Stictonetta naevosa

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Gang-gang Cockatoo

Callocephalon fimbriatum

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Giant Barred Frog

Mixophyes iteratus

Endangered

Endangered

Giant Burrowing Frog

Heleioporus australiacus

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Giant Dragonfly

Petalura gigantea

Endangered

Not Listed

Gibson's Albatross

Diomedea gibsoni

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Gilbert's Whistler

Pachycephala inornata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Glossy Black-Cockatoo

Calyptorhynchus lathami

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Glossy Ibis

Plegadis falcinellus

Not Listed

Migratory

Golden-tipped Bat

Kerivoula papuensis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Gould's Petrel

Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera

Vulnerable

Endangered

Great Knot

Calidris tenuirostris

Vulnerable

Migratory

Greater Broad-nosed Bat

Scoteanax rueppellii

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Greater Sand-plover

Charadrius leschenaultii

Vulnerable

Migratory

Green and Golden Bell Frog

Litoria aurea

Endangered

Vulnerable

Green Turtle

Chelonia mydas

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Green-thighed Frog

Litoria brevipalmata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Grey Falcon

Falco hypoleucos

Endangered

Not Listed

Grey Plover

Pluvialis squatarola

Not Listed

Migratory

Grey Ternlet

Procelsterna cerulea

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Grey-crowned Babbler (eastern subspecies)

Pomatostomus temporalis temporalis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Grey-headed Albatross

Thalassarche chrysostoma

Not Listed

Endangered

Grey-headed Flying-fox

Pteropus poliocephalus

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Grey-tailed Tattler

Tringa brevipes

Not Listed

Migratory

Hooded Plover

Thinornis rubricollis

Endangered

Not Listed

Hooded Robin (south-eastern form)

Melanodryas cucullata cucullata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Humpback Whale

Megaptera novaeangliae

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Kermadec Petrel (west Pacific subspecies)

Pterodroma neglecta neglecta

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Koala

Phascolarctos cinereus

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Large-eared Pied Bat

Chalinolobus dwyeri

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Latham's Snipe

Gallinago hardwickii

Not Listed

Migratory

Leatherback Turtle

Dermochelys coriacea

Endangered

Endangered

Lesser Frigatebird

Fregata ariel

Not Listed

Migratory

Lesser Sand-plover

Charadrius mongolus

Vulnerable

Migratory

Little Bentwing-bat

Miniopterus australis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Little Curlew

Numenius minutus

Not Listed

Migratory

Little Eagle

Hieraaetus morphnoides

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Little Lorikeet

Glossopsitta pusilla

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Little Shearwater

Puffinus assimilis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Little Stint

Calidris minuta

Not Listed

Migratory

Little Tern

Sternula albifrons

Endangered

Migratory

Little Whip Snake

Suta flagellum

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Littlejohn's Tree Frog

Litoria littlejohni

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Loggerhead Turtle

Caretta caretta

Endangered

Endangered

Long-nosed Bandicoot, North Head

Perameles nasuta

Endangered

Not Listed

Long-nosed Potoroo

Potorous tridactylus

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Long-tailed Jaeger

Stercorarius longicaudus

Not Listed

Migratory

Long-toed Stint

Calidris subminuta

Not Listed

Migratory

Magpie Goose

Anseranas semipalmata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Major Mitchell's Cockatoo

Lophochroa leadbeateri

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Marsh Sandpiper

Tringa stagnatilis

Not Listed

Migratory

Masked Booby

Sula dactylatra

Vulnerable

Migratory

Masked Owl

Tyto novaehollandiae

Vulnerable

Not Listed

New Holland Mouse

Pseudomys novaehollandiae

Not Listed

Vulnerable

New Zealand Fur-seal

Arctocephalus forsteri

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Northern Giant-Petrel

Macronectes halli

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Olive Whistler

Pachycephala olivacea

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Orange-bellied Parrot

Neophema chrysogaster

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Oriental Plover

Charadrius veredus

Not Listed

Migratory

Oriental Pratincole

Glareola maldivarum

Not Listed

Migratory

Pacific Golden Plover

Pluvialis fulva

Not Listed

Migratory

Painted Honeyeater

Grantiella picta

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Pale-headed Snake

Hoplocephalus bitorquatus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Parma Wallaby

Macropus parma

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Pectoral Sandpiper

Calidris melanotos

Not Listed

Migratory

Pied Oystercatcher

Haematopus longirostris

Endangered

Not Listed

Pink Robin

Petroica rodinogaster

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Pomarine Jaeger

Stercorarius pomarinus

Not Listed

Migratory

Powerful Owl

Ninox strenua

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Providence Petrel

Pterodroma solandri

Vulnerable

Migratory

Purple-crowned Lorikeet

Glossopsitta porphyrocephala

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Rainbow Bee-eater

Merops ornatus

Not Listed

Migratory

Red Goshawk

Erythrotriorchis radiatus

Endangered

Vulnerable

Red Knot

Calidris canutus

Not Listed

Migratory

Red-backed Button-quail

Turnix maculosus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Red-crowned Toadlet

Pseudophryne australis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Red-necked Stint

Calidris ruficollis

Not Listed

Migratory

Red-tailed Tropicbird

Phaethon rubricauda

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Regent Honeyeater

Anthochaera phrygia

Endangered

Endangered

Regent Parrot (eastern subspecies)

Polytelis anthopeplus monarchoides

Endangered

Vulnerable

Ringed Plover

Charadrius hiaticula

Not Listed

Migratory

Rose-crowned Fruit-Dove

Ptilinopus regina

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Rosenberg's Goanna

Varanus rosenbergi

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Ruddy Turnstone

Arenaria interpres

Not Listed

Migratory

Ruff

Philomachus pugnax

Not Listed

Migratory

Rufous Bettong

Aepyprymnus rufescens

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Sanderling

Calidris alba

Vulnerable

Migratory

Scarlet Robin

Petroica boodang

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

Calidris acuminata

Not Listed

Migratory

Short-tailed Shearwater

Ardenna tenuirostris

Not Listed

Migratory

Shy Albatross

Thalassarche cauta

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Sooty Albatross

Phoebetria fusca

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Sooty Owl

Tyto tenebricosa

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Sooty Oystercatcher

Haematopus fuliginosus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Sooty Shearwater

Ardenna grisea

Not Listed

Migratory

Sooty Tern

Onychoprion fuscata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

South Polar Skua

Stercorarius maccormicki

Not Listed

Migratory

Southern Brown Bandicoot (eastern)

Isoodon obesulus obesulus

Endangered

Endangered

Southern Giant Petrel

Macronectes giganteus

Endangered

Endangered

Southern Myotis

Myotis macropus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Southern Right Whale

Eubalaena australis

Endangered

Endangered

Speckled Warbler

Chthonicola sagittata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Sperm Whale

Physeter macrocephalus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Spotted Harrier

Circus assimilis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Spotted-tailed Quoll

Dasyurus maculatus

Vulnerable

Endangered

Square-tailed Kite

Lophoictinia isura

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Squirrel Glider

Petaurus norfolcensis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Star Finch

Neochmia ruficauda

Endangered

Endangered

Streaked Shearwater

Calonectris leucomelas

Not Listed

Migratory

Striated Fieldwren

Calamanthus fuliginosus

Endangered

Not Listed

Stuttering Frog

Mixophyes balbus

Endangered

Vulnerable

Superb Fruit-Dove

Ptilinopus superbus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Superb Parrot

Polytelis swainsonii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Swift Parrot

Lathamus discolor

Endangered

Endangered

Tasmanian Bettong

Bettongia gaimardi

Endangered

Extinct

Terek Sandpiper

Xenus cinereus

Vulnerable

Migratory

Turquoise Parrot

Neophema pulchella

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Varied Sittella

Daphoenositta chrysoptera

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Wallum Froglet

Crinia tinnula

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Wandering Albatross

Diomedea exulans

Endangered

Endangered

Wandering Tattler

Tringa incana

Not Listed

Migratory

Wedge-tailed Shearwater

Ardenna pacificus

Not Listed

Migratory

Western Sandpiper

Calidris mauri

Not Listed

Migratory

Whimbrel

Numenius phaeopus

Not Listed

Migratory

White Tern

Gygis alba

Vulnerable

Not Listed

White-bellied Sea-Eagle

Haliaeetus leucogaster

Not Listed

Migratory

White-bellied Storm-Petrel

Fregetta grallaria

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

White-footed Dunnart

Sminthopsis leucopus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

White-fronted Chat

Epthianura albifrons

Vulnerable

Not Listed

White-tailed Tropicbird

Phaethon lepturus

Not Listed

Migratory

White-throated Needletail

Hirundapus caudacutus

Not Listed

Migratory

White-winged Black Tern

Chlidonias leucopterus

Not Listed

Migratory

Wilson's Storm-Petrel

Oceanites oceanicus

Not Listed

Migratory

Wompoo Fruit-Dove

Ptilinopus magnificus

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Wood Sandpiper

Tringa glareola

Not Listed

Migratory

Yellow Wagtail

Motacilla flava

Not Listed

Migratory

Yellow-bellied Glider

Petaurus australis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat

Saccolaimus flaviventris

Vulnerable

Not Listed

aNSW’s Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

bthe Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)

Data: NSW Environment and Heritage (2014)

Table 25 Threatened fungi species within the Sydney Basin bioregion

Threatened fungi species listed under the TSC Acta that are known or predicted to lie within the Sydney Basin bioregion – none were listed under the EPBC Actb. Typology and punctuation are given as they are used in the legislation.


Scientific name

TSC Act

Camarophyllopsis kearneyi

Endangered

Hygrocybe anomala var. ianthinomarginata

Vulnerable

Hygrocybe aurantipes

Vulnerable

Hygrocybe austropratensis

Endangered

Hygrocybe collucera

Endangered

Hygrocybe griseoramosa

Endangered

Hygrocybe lanecovensis

Endangered

Hygrocybe reesiae

Vulnerable

Hygrocybe rubronivea

Vulnerable

aNSW’s Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

bthe Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)

Data: NSW Environment and Heritage (2014)

Table 26 Threatened plant species known to occur within the Sydney Basin bioregion

Threatened plant species listed under either the TSC Acta or the EPBC Actb known to live within the Sydney Basin bioregion. Typology and punctuation are given as they are used in the legislation.


Common namec

Scientific name

TSC Act

EPBC Act

Acacia baueri subsp. aspera

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Acacia gordonii

Endangered

Endangered

Acrophyllum australe

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Albatross Mallee

Eucalyptus langleyi

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Allocasuarina glareicola

Endangered

Endangered

Amperea xiphoclada var. pedicellata

Endangered

Extinct

Ancistrachne maidenii

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Angus's Onion Orchid

Microtis angusii

Endangered

Endangered

Asterolasia buxifolia

Endangered

Not Listed

Asterolasia elegans

Endangered

Endangered

Austral Pillwort

Pilularia novae-hollandiae

Endangered

Not Listed

Austral Toadflax

Thesium australe

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Australian Saltgrass

Distichlis distichophylla

Endangered

Not Listed

Baeckea kandos

Endangered

Endangered

Bargo Geebung

Persoonia bargoensis

Endangered

Vulnerable

Bauer's Midge Orchid

Genoplesium baueri

Endangered

Endangered

Beadle's Grevillea

Grevillea beadleana

Endangered

Endangered

Biconvex Paperbark

Melaleuca biconvexa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Black Gum

Eucalyptus aggregata

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Black-eyed Susan

Tetratheca juncea

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Black-hooded Sun Orchid

Thelymitra atronitida

Endangered

Not Listed

Bluegrass

Dichanthium setosum

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Bomaderry Zieria

Zieria baeuerlenii

Endangered

Endangered

Botany Bay Bearded Orchid

Pterostylis sp. Botany Bay

Endangered

Endangered

Bristly Shield Fern

Lastreopsis hispida

Endangered

Not Listed

Broad-leaved Sally

Eucalyptus aquatic

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Broken Back Ironbark

Eucalyptus fracta

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Brown Pomaderris

Pomaderris brunnea

Endangered

Vulnerable

Budawangs Bush-pea

Pultenaea baeuerlenii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Budawangs Cliff-heath

Budawangia gnidioides

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Buttercup Doubletail

Diuris aequalis

Endangered

Vulnerable

Bynoe's Wattle

Acacia bynoeana

Endangered

Vulnerable

Caley's Grevillea

Grevillea caleyi

Endangered

Endangered

Tree-fern Calomnion

Calomnion complanatum

Endangered

Not Listed

Cambage Kunzea

Kunzea cambagei

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Camden White Gum

Eucalyptus benthamii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Camfield's Stringybark

Eucalyptus camfieldii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Capertee Stringybark

Eucalyptus cannonii

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Carrington Falls Grevillea

Grevillea rivularis

Endangered

Endangered

Carrington Falls Pomaderris

Pomaderris walshii

Endangered

Not Listed

Chef's Cap Correa

Correa baeuerlenii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Clandulla Geebung

Persoonia marginate

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Coast Groundsel

Senecio spathulatus

Endangered

Not Listed

Cotoneaster Pomaderris

Pomaderris cotoneaster

Endangered

Endangered

Coveny's Zieria

Zieria covenyi

Endangered

Endangered

Creek Triplarina

Triplarina imbricate

Endangered

Endangered

Dark Greenhood

Pterostylis nigricans

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Darwinia biflora

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Darwinia glaucophylla

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Darwinia peduncularis

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Deane's Boronia

Boronia deanei

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Deane's Paperbark

Melaleuca deanei

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Dense Cord-rush

Baloskion longipes

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Derwentia blakelyi

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Deyeuxia appressa

Endangered

Endangered

Dillwynia tenuifolia

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Diuris bracteata

Endangered

Extinct

Downy Wattle

Acacia pubescens

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Dwarf Kerrawang

Commersonia prostrata

Endangered

Endangered

Dwarf Mountain Pine

Pherosphaera fitzgeraldii

Endangered

Endangered

Dwarf Phyllota

Phyllota humifusa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

East Lynne Midge Orchid

Genoplesium vernale

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Eastern Australian Underground Orchid

Rhizanthella slateri

Vulnerable

Endangered

Elusive Bush-pea

Pultenaea elusa

Endangered

Endangered

Epacris hamiltonii

Endangered

Endangered

Epacris purpurascens var. purpurascens

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Ettrema Mallee

Eucalyptus sturgissiana

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Eucalyptus copulans

Endangered

Endangered

Eucalyptus sp. Cattai

Endangered

Not Listed

Eucalyptus sp. Howes Swamp Creek

Endangered

Endangered

Euphrasia bowdeniae

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Evans Grevillea

Grevillea evansiana

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Evans Sedge

Lepidosperma evansianum

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Few-seeded Bossiaea

Bossiaea oligosperma

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Fletcher's Drumsticks

Isopogon fletcheri

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Flockton Wattle

Acacia flocktoniae

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Grevillea divaricate

Endangered

Not Listed

Grevillea obtusiflora

Endangered

Endangered

Grevillea parviflora subsp. supplicans

Endangered

Not Listed

Grevillea shiressii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Grove's Paperbark

Melaleuca groveana

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Gyrostemon thesioides

Endangered

Not Listed

Hairy Geebung

Persoonia hirsute

Endangered

Endangered

Haloragodendron lucasii

Endangered

Endangered

Hartman's Sarcochilus

Sarcochilus hartmannii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Heath Wrinklewort

Rutidosis heterogama

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Hibbertia puberula

Endangered

Not Listed

Hibbertia sp. Bankstown

Hibbertia sp. Bankstown

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Hibbertia stricta subsp. furcatula

Endangered

Not Listed

Hibbertia superans

Endangered

Not Listed

Hoary Sunray

Leucochrysum albicans var. tricolor

Not Listed

Endangered

Hypsela sessiliflora

Endangered

Extinct

Illawarra Greenhood

Pterostylis gibbosa

Endangered

Endangered

Illawarra Irene

Irenepharsus trypherus

Endangered

Endangered

Illawarra Socketwood

Daphnandra johnsonii

Endangered

Endangered

Illawarra Zieria

Zieria granulate

Endangered

Endangered

Jervis Bay Leek Orchid

Prasophyllum affine

Endangered

Endangered

Julian's Hibbertia

Hibbertia sp. Turramurra

Endangered

Not Listed

Juniper-leaved Grevillea

Grevillea juniperina subsp. juniperina

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Kanangra Wattle

Acacia clunies-rossiae

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Kangaloon Sun Orchid

Thelymitra kangaloonica

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Kennedia retrorsa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Klaphake's Sedge

Carex klaphakei

Endangered

Not Listed

Kowmung Hakea

Hakea dohertyi

Endangered

Endangered

Kunzea rupestris

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Lasiopetalum joyceae

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Leafless Tongue Orchid

Cryptostylis hunteriana

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Leafy Peppercress

Lepidium foliosum

Endangered

Not Listed

Leionema lachnaeoides

Endangered

Endangered

Leptospermum deanei

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Lesser Creeping Fern

Arthropteris palisotii

Endangered

Not Listed

Leucopogon fletcheri subsp. fletcheri

Endangered

Not Listed

Magenta Lilly Pilly

Syzygium paniculatum

Endangered

Vulnerable

Matted Bush-pea

Pultenaea pedunculata

Endangered

Not Listed

Maundia triglochinoides

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Megalong Valley Bottlebrush

Callistemon megalongensis

Endangered

Not Listed

Micromyrtus blakelyi

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Micromyrtus minutiflora

Endangered

Vulnerable

Mittagong Geebung

Persoonia glaucescens

Endangered

Vulnerable

Monga Tea Tree

Leptospermum thompsonii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Mount Vincent Mint-bush

Prostanthera stricta

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Musty Leek Orchid

Prasophyllum pallens

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Narrabarba Wattle

Acacia constable

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Narrow-leaf Finger Fern

Grammitis stenophylla

Endangered

Not Listed

Narrow-leafed Wilsonia

Wilsonia backhousei

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Narrow-leaved Black Peppermint

Eucalyptus nicholii

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Needle Geebung

Persoonia acerosa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Netted Bottle Brush

Callistemon linearifolius

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Nielsen Park She-oak

Allocasuarina portuensis

Endangered

Endangered

Nodding Geebung

Persoonia nutans

Endangered

Endangered

Nowra Heath Myrtle

Triplarina nowraensis

Endangered

Endangered

Olearia cordata

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Orara Boronia

Boronia umbellate

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Parris' Bush-pea

Pultenaea parrisiae

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Persoonia hindii

Endangered

Not Listed

Persoonia laxa

Endangered

Extinct

Persoonia mollis subsp. maxima

Endangered

Endangered

Phebalium bifidum

Endangered

Not Listed

Philotheca ericifolia

Not Listed

Vulnerable

Pimelea curviflora var. curviflora

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Pretty Beard Orchid

Calochilus pulchellus

Endangered

Not Listed

Prickly Bush-pea

Pultenaea aristata

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Pterostylis chaetophora

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Pterostylis ventricosa

Endangered

Not Listed

Pterostylis vernalis

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Pultenaea parviflora

Endangered

Vulnerable

Pultenaea sp. Genowlan Point

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Pultenaea sp. Olinda

Endangered

Not Listed

Rainforest Cassia

Senna acclinis

Endangered

Not Listed

Round-leafed Wilsonia

Wilsonia rotundifolia

Endangered

Not Listed

Rylstone Bell

Leionema sympetalum

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Sand Doubletail

Diuris arenaria

Endangered

Not Listed

Sand Spurge

Chamaesyce psammogeton

Endangered

Not Listed

Seaforth Mintbush

Prostanthera marifolia

Endangered

Critically Endangered

Silky Pomaderris

Pomaderris sericea

Endangered

Vulnerable

Silky Swainson-pea

Swainsona sericea

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Silver-leafed Gum

Eucalyptus pulverulenta

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Singleton Mint Bush

Prostanthera cineolifera

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Slaty Leek Orchid

Prasophyllum fuscum

Endangered

Vulnerable

Small Pale Grass-lily

Caesia parviflora var. minor

Endangered

Not Listed

Small-flower Grevillea

Grevillea parviflora subsp. parviflora

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Smooth Bush-Pea

Pultenaea glabra

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Solanum amourense

Endangered

Not Listed

Solanum celatum

Endangered

Not Listed

Somersby Mintbush

Prostanthera junonis

Endangered

Endangered

Sparse Heath

Epacris sparsa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Spider orchid

Dendrobium melaleucaphilum

Endangered

Not Listed

Spiked Rice-flower

Pimelea spicata

Endangered

Endangered

Spreading Guinea Flower

Hibbertia procumbens

Endangered

Not Listed

Square Raspwort

Haloragis exalata subsp. exalata

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Sublime Point Pomaderris

Pomaderris adnata

Endangered

Not Listed

Sunshine Wattle

Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis

Endangered

Endangered

Superb Midge Orchid

Genoplesium superbum

Endangered

Not Listed

Swamp Everlasting

Xerochrysum palustre

Not Listed

Vulnerable

Sydney Plains Greenhood

Pterostylis saxicola

Endangered

Endangered

Tall Knotweed

Persicaria elatior

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Tallong Midge Orchid

Genoplesium plumosum

Endangered

Endangered

Tangled Bedstraw

Galium australe

Endangered

Not Listed

Tetratheca glandulosa

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Thick Lip Spider Orchid

Caladenia tessellata

Endangered

Vulnerable

Thick-leaf Star-hair

Astrotricha crassifolia

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Prostanthera askania

Endangered

Endangered

Velleia perfoliata

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Velvet Zieria

Zieria murphyi

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Villous Mint-bush

Prostanthera densa

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Wallangarra White Gum

Eucalyptus scoparia

Endangered

Vulnerable

Warty Zieria

Zieria tuberculata

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Waterfall Greenhood

Pterostylis pulchella

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

White-flowered Wax Plant

Cynanchum elegans

Endangered

Endangered

Wingecarribee Gentian

Gentiana wingecarribiensis

Endangered

Endangered

Wingecarribee Leek Orchid

Prasophyllum uroglossum

Endangered

Endangered

Wingello Grevillea

Grevillea molyneuxii

Vulnerable

Endangered

Wollemi Mint-bush

Prostanthera cryptandroides subsp. cryptandroides

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Woronora Beard-heath

Leucopogon exolasius

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Xanthosia scopulicola

Vulnerable

Not Listed

Yellow Loosestrife

Lysimachia vulgaris var. davurica

Endangered

Not Listed

Zannichellia palustris

Endangered

Not Listed

Zieria involucrata

Endangered

Vulnerable

aNSW’s Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (the TSC Act)

bthe Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the EPBC Act)

cmany plant species are not known by common names

Data: NSW Environment and Heritage (2014)

Last updated:
21 January 2019
Thumbnail of the Sydney Basin bioregion

Product Finalisation date

2018